Key Vocabulary
sand
This is a material that come from rocks. There is a lot of sand on a beach.
clay
This is a sticky and soft material from the earth.
topsoil
This is the soil nearest the surface of the ground. Topsoil is loose and soft.
humus
This is a substance made from dead plants and animals. Humus is in soil.
granite
This is a very hard, dull (gray) colored rock. Countertop.
build
Build means to make or to construct something. People build houses and apartments.
rough
having a surface that is not even or smooth.
Visual Summary
| kind | picture | detail |
|---|---|---|
| rock |  | All rocks are made of minerals. Rocks can have different shapes, size and colors. Some rocks are smooth and other rocks are rough |
| soil |  | Soil is the top layer of the earth. It is tiny pieces of rocks. |
Exercise
- a substance made from dead plants and animals which is in soil. (humus)
- a material that comes from rocks. (sand)
- the soil nearest the surface of the ground. (topsoil)
- a very hard, dull colored rock. (granite)
- a sticky and soft material from the earth. (clay)
- to make or to construct something such as houses and apartments. (build)
Up Close Review 2
Where can we find rocks?
| rock | picture | substance |
|---|---|---|
| limestone |  | building |
| graphite |  | pencil |
| marble |  | statue |
True of False
| Statement | True or False |
|---|---|
| Topsoil is found deep underground | F |
| Granite is pieces of dead plants and animals | F |
| There is a lot of sand on beach | T |
Reading passage
There are many different kinds of materials in the earth. Some materials are rough and others are smooth.
Granite is a kind of hard rock. It is very strong and good to build things. We can make buildings with granite.
Sand is a material that comes from rocks. Sand is very rough and there is a lot of it on a beach. Clay comes form soil. It is sticky and soft, but becomes hard when it is dry.
Humus is pieces of dead plants and animals. Humus comes form the topsoil.
Sand, clay and humus are kinds of soil. Soil is the top layer of Earth.
Reading skill
Classify
Soil: top (layer) of the Earth.
| kind | detail |
|---|---|
| clay | stick and soft but hard when it is dry |
| sand | There is a lot of it on a beach |
| humus | pieces of dead plants and animals |
Comprehension
- Some materials are rough and others are (smooth).
- Where can you find a lot of sand? (on a beach)
- What is humus made of? (It is made of dead plants and animals)
- Clay is sticky and soft, but (becomes very hard when it is dry)
source
From American Textbook Reading Science 10 35:08